PROPERTIES OF SOLID FUELS
This page gives technical information about solid fuels, for more general information and advice, look at the Solid Fuels page.
This table of the properties of solid fuels is averaged from official EN Standards, and therefore represents to some extent the 'official' figures, though it may not be completely representative of fuels commercially available. Wood Fuel in particular is highly variable.
| Typical properties of solid fuels, as supplied | Anthracite | Hard Coke | Soft Coke | Hard Briquettes | Bituminous Coal | Lignite Briquettes | Peat Briquettes | Dry Wood Logs | Wood Pellets | 300ºC Charcoal | Dry Baled Wheat Straw | | Moisture % | 4.5 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 12 | 7.5 | 18.5 | 11.5 | 18.5 | 5 | 2 | 15 | | Ash % | 8.5 | 9.5 | 7 | 8 | 5 | 7.5 | 5 | <1 | 0.15 | 3 | 4 | | Volatiles % | 8.5 | 1.5 | 9 | 11 | 32.5 | 56.5 | 68 | 84 | 80 | 30 | 72 | | Hydrogen % | 3.5 | 0.5 | 2 | 3 | 4.5 | 3.5 | 5.15 | 5.5 | 6 | 1 | 5 | | Carbon % | 85 | 85 | 80 | 80 | 60 | 52.5 | 48.5 | 40 | 48 | 67 | 42 | | Sulfur % | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0.2 | 0.01 | 0.01 | <0.01 | 0.2 | | Siegert number | 0.683 | 0.290 | 0.290 | 0.683 | 0.672 | 1 | 0.7 | 0.650 | 0.650 |
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| | Heat content kJ/kg | 31155 | 27050 | 28000 | 29500 | 26750 | 19500 | 18050 | 18500 | 18600 | 26700 | 16000 | | Air required for combustion m³/kg | 9.4 | 8.4 | 7 | 7 | 6.9 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 8.4 |
| | Bulk kg/m³ | 879 | 450 | 410 | 830 | 800 | 720 | 750 | 370 | 650 | 180 | 100 | | Potential Heat kW/kg | 8.65 | 7.51 | 7.78 | 8.19 | 7.43 | 5.42 | 5.01 | 5.14 | 5.17 | 7.42 | 4.44 | | Bulk Potential kW/m³ | 7603 | 3380 | 3190 | 6798 | 5944 | 3902 | 3758 | 1902 | 3358 | 1335 | 444 | | Auto-ignition temperature ºC |
| 400 |
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| 300 |
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| 270 |
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